OFFSPRING. In this part of the website shows the descendants of Jacob Peters (to Spijck) and Peterke Henrix (to Usquert). I describe the origin of the family in another part of the website. In the male line, most people assume the surname Alma. Some are recorded with their patronymics only. The next page shows a brief overview chart of the married sons. The subsequent page shows an overview chart of all the married offspring of Jacob Peters (to Spijck) and Peterke Henrix (to Usquert), including those in the female line. Globally, in this overview you can see, that only about half of the children get married (sometimes even less). This is largely due to young deaths. In this second overview, of course, there are more names than ALMA alone. Common other names in this schedule are, for example: AMSING, BOS, HALSEMA and KETELAAR. The names: MEIJER, MULLER, MULDER, PAAGMAN, SWART and WIERINGA are slightly less frequent. For a complete overview, I refer to the details on the last page. But first a brief intermezzo about the relationship between patronymics, surnames and relationships. PATRONYMICS, SURNAMES AND RELATIONSHIP. Before the introduction of the Civil Registry in the Netherlands in about 1811 (about 1876 in Germany), everyone was free to choose a family name. If someone had a surname (and not just a patronymic), it was often used to distinguish oneself. For example to indicate a (alleged) lineage of a rich and/or noble family from the past, a town or a farm of birth. Sometimes, the use of the surname is leaved out a generation and is then picked up again. Sometimes a person is changing his surname more than once in the course of time. At the introduction of the Civil Registry, every adult male had to choose a surname. From that moment on that surname (sometimes called generic name) is the part of the name that he or she receives from the previous generation. In general that is the name of the father, so the family relationship is identified through the male line. That seems to lead to unambiguous conclusions, but that is only apparent. Everyone knows that people with the same surname are not always related. Think of the name 'De Vries' or 'Jones'. The surname "Alma" is used in 6 different unrelated genders. Conversely, too: people with different surnames may indeed be relatives. EXAMPLES. You can see in the overview of the married sons of Hendrik Jans and Frouwke Lamberts, that the men have taken up different surnames: • ter Schouw • Stiekema or Stijkema, • Lammerts and • Bot or Bottema. The same can be seen in the overview of the married sons of Otto Rempts and Hendrickje Jans. The surnames in this overview are: • Ten Oever and • Bos And in the overview of the married sons of Ponse Ariens and Jentjen Jansen you will find different surnames as well: • Langeland and • Bos I could not find any consanguinity between Otto and Rempts Ponse Ariens, so that applies to the men with the surname BOS in the corresponding charts as well. On the page of Margaretha Jans Wieringa we see, that she and her husband Edo Wilms Alma have common ancestors: Pieter Jacobs Allema and Trijntje Arents. Furthermore, it is remarkable that Margaret's great-grandfather (= John Martinus Redmers) is the grandson of Cornelis Redmers and Aaltje Willems and that Margaretha's great-grandmother (= Catherina Jans, granddaughter of Pieter Jacobs Allema and Trijntje Arents and spouse of Johannes Martinus Redmers ) is a great granddaughter of (yes) the same Cornelis Redmers and Aaltje Willems. The overview below shows a blood relationship between Catharina Jans on the one hand and her two spouses (John Martinus Redmers and Reinder Jacobs Rijpma) on the other hand (see fourth row from below). The red and black parts correspond to my own ancestor table. The red section are my direct ancestors. The green sections do not match my ancestor table.

From the above examples it may be shown that the boundaries between blood relationship and relationship by marriage can be blurred. Patronymics and surnames can be a guide, but do not give any certainty.